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Assessment of Nutritional Status and Clinical Manifestation in Infants with Allergic Colitic
Weidenthalerová, Edita ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Frühauf, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of clinical manifestations in infants with allergic colitis and their overall nutritional status, anthropometry, blood count and antibodies against cow's milk proteins. Allergic colitis is one of the most common manifestations of infant allergy to cow`s milk protein with gastrointestinal involvement. The theoretical part summarizes the anthropometric evaluation of growth and development, infant nutrition, the most important laboratory indicators of nutritional status. The part is generally devoted to food allergies, mainly allergy to cow's milk protein. The practical part deals with the evaluation of a sample of examined patients in gastroenterology outpatient clinics and nutritional outpatient clinic of the Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague. The observed group of infants with allergic colitis includes infants exclusively breastfed, breastfed by a mother following a non-dairy diet, infants on an extensive hydrolyzate or on an amino acid formula. The main goal of the diploma thesis was to trace the most common clinical manifestations and whether there are any changes in their nutritional status during the disease and its treatment. A total of 45 randomly...
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Calcium intake in individuals with dietary restrictions of milk and dairy foods
Novák, Ondřej ; Meisnerová, Eva (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
The goal of my master's thesis is to research calcium intake in individuals with partial or complete dietary restriction of milk and dairy products. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part mostly originates from foreign scholarly articles and describes calcium from various points of view. This part informs about calcium's functions in different parts of a human body, describes its metabolism and factors that could alter it. Furthermore, it describes homeostasis and results of homeostasis corruption. Additionally, this thesis analyses disorders related to calcium phosphate metabolism disorder like osteoporosis, osteomalatia and rachitis. Another disorder analyzed is lactose intolerance and cow's milk protein allergy which are disorders requiring restriction of milk and dairy products. The theoretical part also discusses content and efficiency of calcium in different articles of nutrition as well as daily recommended dosages appropriate for age and sex of individual. The practical part consists of a questionnaire aimed at calcium intake in researched group. Among other things the questionnaire investigates lifestyle of respondents and lifestyle connected risk factors of disorders like osteoporosis. It considers other osteoporosis risk factors such as disorders,...
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Calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy
BÍLKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis deals with the calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy from their diet. As the first aim I chose to inform parents about possibility of deficiency of the calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy. The second aim is to find out the calcium content in the diet of children with this allergy. In the theoretical part of my bachelor thesis I briefly describe food allergy in general then I focuse on cow's milk protein allergy, types of reactions, symptoms, diagnostics and therapy. As the topic of this bachelor thesis is calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy, the next part is devoted to calcium, its importance in human body, absorption, usability and also resources. At the end of theoretical part of this thesis I mention the specifics of nutrition in children with this allergy, such as different labeling of ingredients containing milk protein on food packaging or in composition of dishes, and also possibility of replacing milk and milk products in terms of consistency and taste. In the practical part of this bachelor thesis I cooperate with mothers of children with cow's milk protein allergy who give me one week menu of their children, from which I calculated the calcium intake for each day and also the average weekly calcium intake per day. I also informed these mothers about the possibility of calcium deficiency in their children's diet. Calcium intake approaching the recommended daily intake for a group of children aged 1-3 years occured only in one case. In four cases was the intake of calcium from children's diet lower than 50 % of the recommended daily intake for these children.
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Lactose intolerance - facts and myths
Staroveská, Natálie ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
The thesis deals with the lactose intolerance issue and the myths linked with milk consumption. The theoretical part describes milk composition, the most frequently used technologies in the dairy industry, types of milk (animal origin including breast milk) and types of dairy products on the Czech market. The meaning of milk in human nourishment regarding the prophylaxis of many diseases is also included. The terms lactose and lactase are explained. These are connected with the main part of the thesis describing lactose intolerance and its types, symptoms, diagnostics and therapy including lactose free diet. The cow's milk protein allergy is also mentioned as the second most frequent disease connected with milk consumption. In the end of the theoretical part the myths about milk consumption are explained. The practical part finds out the extent of refusing milk and dairy products, its reasons (lactose intolerance vs. myths) and diary replacement of the main nutrients. Final data were gained by questionnaire including 101 people. It shows us that the incidence of refusal of milk consumption is considerable (58%). The main reason for the refusal is lactose intolerance (45%) but the diagnose is frequently based on subjective opinion. Most of the people refusing milk are not interested in an...
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Dietetic measures in children with cow's milk intolerance
SOLDÁTOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis focuses on dietary measures for children suffering from intolerance to cow´s milk. This topic is still relevant since there is a continuous increase of children suffering from CMPA or lactose intolerance, and dietary measures serve as the elemental medical treatment. The purpose of the thesis was to become familiar with dietary measures suitable for children who are affected by the illness alongside with symptoms, diagnosis and the course of the intolerance to cow's milk. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical one. The theoretical part describes the proper nutrition for children in the neonatal, infant and toddler age. Futher, it is stated what are the benefits of breastfeeding for both the baby and the mother, and what complications may cause the inability to breastfeed. Futhermore, the thesis describes in detail the composition of breast milk, cow's milk and the distribution of artificial milk. There is also the availability of the artifical milk for the Czech market introduced in the practical part. In addition, there are generally reported adverse reactions to food. In the section of adverse reactions to food I focus mainly on food allergy where I concentrate on CMPA. Simultaneously I focus on food intolerance where I describe lactose intolerance. The qualitative research method was used for the practical part of the work. It was executed with in-depth semi structured interviews with mothers of children suffering from the illness. These interviews consisted of two sets of questions. The first set of questions was aimed to mothers of children with CMPA and the second one to mothers of children with lactose intolerance. The research group contained 5 children from birth to age of 5 from South Bohemia and interviews were held with their mothers. These interviews were conducted anonymously and mothers of the children were identified as respondents no. 1 5. R1, R2 and R3 where mothers of children with CMPA and R4, R5 were mothers of children with lactose intolerance. To find respondents for the research the "snowball" method was used. Based on the goals of the thesis two research questions have been established. The first question dealt with how mothers were familiar with their children's diet and the illness itself. Research also revealed that almost all mothers were not satisfied with the approach of doctors to health problems of their children. Several mothers have even changed doctors. In most cases they searched for detailed information about the illness as well as dietary measures on the internet because the information received from the doctor were insufficient. Finally almost all of them investigated the worsening state of health by themselves serving given food to their children. Using this method the mothers found out whether the given food should have been omitted from the diet. The interviews have shown that all respondents have received at least brief background information from the general practitioner. The second question was, what were the components of diet for children suffering from the illness. In all the interviews, mothers of children with CMPA identically stated that they excluded all of mammalian milk and dairy products from their children's diet. Solely a breastfeeding mother eliminated these food products also from her diet. The research also revealed that all respondents eliminated other potencial allergenic foods from the diet. Two respondents also substituted calcium with tablets in their diet. Mothers of children with lactose intolerance consistently stated that they excluded all food and products that contained lactose from the child's diet and were still looking for what products and foods that could become a part of their child's diet. They also indicated that they had to stop breast-feeding a baby and establish a milk replacement in the form of low lactose artificial milk since their child had had health problems even when exclusive breastfeeding.
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Nutrition of infants and toddlers with allergies to cow's milk protein
VAVEROVÁ, Petra
The main objective of the thesis titled Nutrition of Infants and Toddlers with Cow's Milk Allergy is to outline the course of the disease and to present solutions to it. Another objective is to determine the frequency of milk allergy in the paediatrician's office. The thesis also aims to present a list of medical products for this type of disease. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the classification of milk allergy in food allergies. Further, it discusses breast milk as the most important food for infants and the difference between breast milk and cow's milk. Finally, it discusses the very disease of cow's milk allergy, its prevalence, where and how it manifests most, methods of its diagnosing, and treatments available. In the end of the theoretical part, we deal with a list of artificial infant food suitable for children with cow's milk allergy. The research part of the thesis was developed by using qualitative research conducted through interviews with a dual focus with paediatricians. The first type of interviews with various paediatricians and a specialist physician were devoted to their knowledge, opinions, and information interesting for cow's milk allergy. The second type of interviews was aimed at patients with cow's milk allergy. These aimed to determine the course of the disease and diagnostic tests to identify the presence of the disease. Furthermore, they addressed the question of nutrition and current status of such patients. The theoretical part also includes an overview and evaluation of products of artificial infant food suitable for children with cow's milk allergy and in Nutriservis profesional I created a weekly diet for a child with an allergy to cow's milk protein.
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Supply of a specific assortment of goods on the Czech and German retail market
Boučková, Helena ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Filipová, Alena (referee)
This bachelors thesis is concerned with the supply of products with reduced lactose content and products with dairy substitutes in retail chains operating on the Czech and German markets. The objective is to assess the extent of the physical accessibility of this assortment of goods and its availability at different price levels in both countries. The thesis is divided into two sections. The first section is theoretical. It defines the consumers of lactose-reduced dairy products and non-dairy products with regards to their needs and requirements as to this range of products and includes an estimate of the size of this market segment. Market segmentation theory with a focus on segmentation variables, legislative regulations concerning the specified range of products and producers and brands acting on both markets are also summarised. Section two follows the first section with an overview of the field research conducted of select shops from both markets. The products and their prices are observed and shops are evaluated based on their fulfilment of the set consumption basket, the number of products available, and labeling in shops. Price analysis is concerned with the prices of select types of products from both markets. The supply of the specific assortment of goods on both markets and the position of Czech and German consumers is assessed on this basis and lastly, market opportunities for this range of products are stated.
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